You can see how the system works before most people even realise it. The rest of them don’t even know they’ve fallen into the trap. The hardest part of becoming a Bitcoin enthusiast is realising just how uninformed the people around you are.

I saw it.

I can’t help but see it.

I’m surrounded by sheep.

They’ve been working for fifty years to fill a bath, whilst the drain is open.

Whenever I point at the drain, they get angry with me.

So I stopped showing off.

I just pile things up quietly in the dark.

You’re trying to wake people up, but you have to realise that you won’t be able to do it for them. They have to do it for themselves, just as you did.

However, throughout the process, you can act as a guiding light.

Most people’s attention is diverted by current fuel and food prices and political theatrics, whilst they fail to realise that their slave-owners are paying them in toilet paper.

Recognising the steady depreciation of fiat currency, whilst Bitcoin cannot be printed, feels as though we are looking through the Matrix. But preaching rarely changes people’s minds. The best course of action is simply to protect your purchasing power with Bitcoin and let the steady financial results speak for themselves.

As you learn about Bitcoin, you’ll realise that the pursuit of fiat currency – which loses value year on year – leads to a dead end, and the price you’ll pay for it is your attention and energy.

All that energy you’ve spent keeping the hamster wheel turning for most of your life. 

It’s like a bloody circus, where you’re the trained animal and the ringmaster is the state. 

By gaining a thorough understanding of Bitcoin and using it in practice, you can develop financial awareness and make wiser decisions in the present. 

In other words, you can lay the foundations for your financial freedom. 

For years, I’d had the feeling that something wasn’t quite right.

It suddenly dawned on me. There’s no other option.

Your whole life will change.

The Matrix is one of the best analogies for Bitcoin, because it’s true.

Through the exciting adventures of Bence and his friends, young readers can discover the world of engineering, automation, artificial intelligence, sustainability and digital technology. The stories also show that engineering is not just about machines and equations, but about creativity, teamwork and solving real-world problems.

Could artificial intelligence or a production line be exciting for a child?

They are bringing the world of engineering closer to children with a free storybook.

Robots, artificial intelligence, virtual reality, sustainable industry and a group of curious schoolchildren. The S-Club – A Virtual Journey Through the World of Technology, a free storybook written by Erzsébet Fodor-Nemes and conceived by staff at Siemens Zrt., uses an adventure story to show young people that technology is not something distant and incomprehensible: it is all around us, and one day they themselves may even shape its future.

At first, neither school nor his engineer father’s work seems particularly exciting to Bence. However, an unexpected virtual adventure changes everything: he finds himself in a world where engineers, software and technological solutions are seeking answers to real-world problems – from clean water to more sustainable industrial operations.

He and his friends are about to set up the S-Club, and from then on, events really take off. They control robots, discover the world of artificial intelligence and virtual twins, explore production lines and solve sustainability problems, whilst their adventures take them from Central America all the way to the North Pole. 

When an engineer becomes a superhero

One of the key ideas behind the S-Club is that engineering is by no means just about numbers, computer screens and complicated machines. Bence is gradually discovering that behind the technology are people whose work can make everyday life easier. 

And the book manages to do all this without trying to be a textbook. The adventures are complemented by short ‘Did you know?’ sections and playful questions, which explain concepts such as software, virtual reality, robotics, automation and even the carbon footprint in a way that children can understand. 

The children even get to try their hand at a robot-controlled strawberry harvest: via a virtual system, they take control of the strawberry-picking robots, whilst at the same time, without even realising it, they learn how robots and automated processes can be used in the real world. 

But even Santa’s workshop is being transformed by the 21st century: in one of the story’s more light-hearted scenes, the elves try to cope with the increasingly complex Christmas logistics using an automated warehouse, software and artificial intelligence.

When knowledge becomes a shared endeavour

However, the novel is not just about machines. Childlike curiosity, creativity, cooperation and problem-solving play a vital role in it. Bence and his friends are talented in various ways, and they make the most progress precisely when they learn to think as a community and to accept each other’s ideas. Sustainability isn’t presented as a separate lesson either: from water purification through energy use and modern manufacturing to carbon footprints, the question arises time and again of how technology can help us develop whilst also taking better care of our environment. The book’s own summary also emphasises the joint realisation of industry, human well-being and environmental protection. 

Erzsébet Fodor-Nemes’s world of imagination meets technology

Erzsébet Fodor-Nemes wrote poetry and prose throughout her life, and the story behind her first novel intended for publication began in 2019; the story that unfolded from this Witchlands eventually expanded this world into a narrative arc spanning more than 10 volumes, of which two have so far been published in print. *S-Szakkör* is already the author’s fourth published work. In line with his own creative philosophy, he strives to create stories which, alongside adventure and fantasy, inspire, encourage and teach young people, whilst conveying genuine values.

In the S-Club, this storytelling approach meets the exciting world of technology: robots, artificial intelligence and sustainability are not presented as dry concepts, but as engaging, experiential stories that children can relate to.

By the end of his adventures, Bence, too, sees the world – which he had previously found boring – in a completely different light: he can now imagine choosing a career path similar to his father’s.

“The S-Club isn’t trying to tell children that they should become engineers. It encourages them to ask questions, to be curious, to dare to experiment, to think together and to consider how they can make the world around them a better place,” said Márk Arató, Head of Communications at Siemens Zrt.

Because, as one of the book’s key ideas puts it:

“After all, the inventors of the future are still children today.”

The publication was supported by the HM Books team.

The idea for a Satoshi Calculator, developed in-house, arose from a very simple, practical question: if I’m writing about Bitcoin, the Lightning Network and peer-to-peer payments, why not make it possible to use them in practice as well? This is where Urban Művészet’s street art tours and the Bitcoin content in the magazine came together. However, in order to simply pay the price of a tour, set in forints, in satoshis, we needed a tool that could carry out the conversion in an instant based on the current Bitcoin exchange rate. And so the Satoshi Calculator was born.

Where two different worlds meet

At first glance, Urban Art seems to encompass two quite distinct areas.

One of them is street art.

The Street Art Tour of Szeged part of this initiative, those interested can explore the city’s street art works in person, learn about their history and discover the urban cultural context in which these works were created.

The other one is Urban Art Magazine Web3 column in which, over the past period, I have been exploring Bitcoin, decentralised technologies, the Lightning Network and the applications that make Bitcoin’s original peer-to-peer concept usable in everyday life in ever greater detail.

At one point, the question arose:

What happens if I bring these two worlds together?

If a tour guide accepts Bitcoin, why shouldn’t the fee for a street art tour be payable in satoshis via the Lightning Network?

With this, Bitcoin is no longer just the subject of an article.

It becomes a valid means of payment.

If I’m writing about it, let’s use it

Throughout this series of articles on Bitcoin, I have repeatedly returned to Satoshi Nakamoto’s original vision: an electronic cash system in which two people can exchange value directly with one another.

The Lightning Network makes this workable in practice.

With a mobile Lightning wallet, you can send satoshis to someone else in a matter of seconds.

But this is only truly significant if we don’t just talk about it, but also create situations where it can actually be put to use.

On the Szeged street art tour, therefore – where the tour guide also accepts Bitcoin payments – there may be an opportunity to pay the participation fee via the Lightning Network.

As a tour guide, I use Blink Wallet for this.

Blink is not a random choice. Formerly known as Bitcoin Beach Wallet, it grew out of the community in the town of El Zonte in El Salvador. There, too, it was born out of a very simple need: the locals needed a tool that would allow them not only to hold Bitcoin, but also to use it to pay for bread, coffee or services.

Somewhere, the same idea occurred to me, albeit on a much smaller scale.

This time, it could even be towards paying the entry fee for a street art tour.

But how much does a street art tour cost?

However, a very common problem immediately arose here.

The price of the tour is quoted in forints.

In the Lightning wallet, however, we send satoshis.

Let’s assume that the price of a service is:

5 000 HUF.

And the participant says:

“I’d like to pay in Bitcoin.”

All right.

But at that moment, how many satoshis are 5,000 forints?

The price of Bitcoin is constantly changing, so there is no fixed answer to this question.

You could look up a price chart, check the current value of one whole BTC, and then work out how many hundred millionths of that amount is equivalent to 5,000 forints.

Technically, it works.

However, it is not at all practical in a payment situation.

This is where the Satoshi Calculator his idea.

What is the Satoshi Calculator?

The Satoshi Calculator a Bitcoin exchange developed in-house and based on SAT.

Its basic function is very simple:

to show how many satoshis a given amount in forints is worth based on the current Bitcoin exchange rate.

For example, if we enter the current price of the street art tour in forints, the calculator will work out its SAT value.

That way, neither the tour guide nor the participants need to do any mental arithmetic.

We check the current value, enter the same amount of SATs in the Lightning wallet, and then the payment can be made.

The process:

HUF → SAT → Lightning payment.

That’s it.

The technology behind the scenes is, of course, more complex than that, but the aim was precisely to ensure that the user was as unaware of it as possible.

Why ‘satoshi’, of all things?

One of the most common misconceptions about Bitcoin stems from the fact that people almost always come across the price of a whole BTC.

When a bitcoin is worth tens of millions of forints, it’s easy to think:

"Bitcoin is already too expensive for me."

Yet it is by no means necessary to own or spend a whole bitcoin.

1 BTC = 100 000 000 SAT

A satoshi is therefore not another cryptocurrency.

It is not a separate token.

It’s the same Bitcoin, just its smallest unit.

As follows:

1 metre = 100 centimetres,

or

1 kilogram = 1,000 grams,

as follows:

1 Bitcoin = 100 000 000 satoshi.

For everyday Bitcoin payments, it is therefore much more natural to think in terms of SATs.

We don’t want to see the price of a coffee, a lunch, a ticket or even a street art tour expressed as 0.0000… BTC.

It’s much simpler to say:

15 000 SAT.

The Satoshi Calculator is therefore deliberately SAT-focused.

SAT brings Bitcoin closer to everyday life

There is also an interesting psychological aspect to this.

Let’s look at the same amount in two different ways:

0,001 BTC

and

100 000 SAT

Mathematically speaking, we are talking about exactly the same value.

Humanly speaking, however, we perceive it quite differently.

100,000 SAT is easier to read, easier to remember and feels more natural to use in the context of everyday prices.

That is precisely why we are increasingly coming across amounts written in satoshis within the Lightning ecosystem.

The Satoshi Calculator aims to be a simple Hungarian tool that embodies this way of thinking.

How do you know the current exchange rate?

One of the most important factors to consider with a calculator like this is the exchange rate.

If someone is using it for a real-world payment, yesterday’s Bitcoin exchange rate – or one from a few hours ago – isn’t enough.

The calculator therefore uses external sources for Bitcoin market exchange rates.

The primary source of data is the CoinGecko.

If the primary service is unavailable for any reason, the CoinMarketCap, then the Coinranking next.

The system caches the current exchange rate for a short period, so there is no need to make a new external query for every single calculation.

The user cannot see any of this.

He just enters an amount.

Meanwhile, in the background, the system carries out the necessary conversion.

HUF, SAT and BTC – different perspectives on the same value

During the development of the calculator, it was important to ensure that it was not merely a simple ‘forint to satoshi’ calculator.

The user should also be able to see the connection.

Therefore, this value can be interpreted in several units of measurement:

HUF – Hungarian forint

SAT – satoshi

BTC – bitcoin

The current Bitcoin exchange rate is displayed in both forints and dollars, as the USD/BTC exchange rate remains one of the most commonly used benchmarks within the international Bitcoin community.

So the calculator does more than just calculate.

He teaches as well.

Anyone who uses it will, over time, instinctively begin to recognise the relationship between the forint, the satoshi and a whole Bitcoin.

It’s not a WordPress plugin, but a small standalone application

The Satoshi Calculator has turned out to be an interesting project from a technical point of view as well.

Urban Művészet runs on WordPress, and I use the Divi theme for the site’s visual layout.

However, I did not install the calculator as a WordPress plugin.

It is integrated into the website’s infrastructure as an in-house application.

The appearance of the interface is managed by HTML, CSS and JavaScript, whilst PHP handles exchange rate queries, currency conversion and some of the related server-side tasks in the background.

It is integrated into the WordPress site via a shortcode, whilst the application itself runs in a separate structure.

One of the advantages of this is that the development can be fully tailored to our own requirements.

I didn’t try to remove a hundred unnecessary features from a standard cryptocurrency converter.

I built exactly what was needed.

Not a cryptocurrency calculator

This distinction is important to me.

The aim was never to create yet another website where you can view the prices of thousands of cryptocurrencies.

The Satoshi Calculator is deliberately simple.

Bitcoin.

Satoshi.

Forint.

And the connection between them.

The focus is not on trading, nor on speculation, nor on how much Bitcoin might be worth tomorrow.

The question is much more mundane:

If something costs, say, 5,000 forints, how many satoshis do I need to send for it?

This is no longer a question of investment.

That’s a salary.

It’s when you use the calculator and the Lightning wallet together that they really come into their own

The Satoshi Calculator is not a wallet in its own right.

It does not store Bitcoin.

It does not handle private keys.

And it doesn’t send transactions.

Its role is conversion.

A Lightning wallet is still required to make an actual payment.

For the Street Art Tour of Szeged, the tour guide is the Blink Wallet use it to receive payments; a detailed guide on this has already been produced.

For those who would like to choose a different solution, I will present the options currently available in a separate summary Lightning and eCash mobile wallets too.

This is how three separate devices are connected to one another:

Street Art Tour → Satoshi Calculator → Lightning Wallet

One of them provides the service.

The other determines its current SAT value.

The third party handles the payment.

A small experiment with the real Bitcoin economy

Clearly, the fact that a street art tour accepts Bitcoin payments is not, in itself, going to change the world’s financial system.

That’s not the aim, anyway.

What I find far more interesting is that try out what I’m writing about on a small scale.

What happens if a service provider says:

Yes, can I pay by Satoshi here too?

What happens if, in addition to displaying a QR code, you also provide supporting material?

It explains what the Lightning Network is.

It showcases a practical wallet.

It helps you understand what a satoshi is.

And he’s creating a simple calculator that lets everyone see straight away how much they have to pay.

By this point, learning about Bitcoin and using it will no longer be two separate things.

One helps the other.

It wasn’t just designed for the street art tour

Although the project was inspired by a specific use case, the Satoshi Calculator will, of course, be available for anyone to use.

In case anyone is interested:

• how many SATs are there in 1,000 forints,
• How many forints is 50,000 SAT?
• how much Bitcoin a given amount of SATs is worth,
• or simply wants to get used to thinking in satoshiba,

you can use the same device.

For this very reason, the project’s next objective goes beyond the scope of Urban Art itself.

Once the calculator is complete and the feature article has been published, I would like to share the project with the Hungarian Bitcoin and cryptocurrency community as well.

According to the plan, the article and the accompanying creative materials may be made available to Hungarian cryptocurrency and Bitcoin websites so that they can showcase the tool to their own audiences.

It’s not so that the calculator remains a closed Urban Art feature.

Quite the opposite.

It was made to be used.

A Bitcoin information portal built from a calculator

During the development process, it soon became clear that it would be worthwhile to build educational content around such a tool.

That is why fundamental questions and explanations such as the following appear alongside it:

What is a satoshi?

How many satoshis are there in one Bitcoin?

Why do we use SAT for Lightning payments?

Why does the forint value of the SAT keep changing?

Do I need a whole Bitcoin?

Which wallet can I use to send or receive satoshis?

The aim is to ensure that anyone who comes across the calculator entirely by chance does not need to have any prior knowledge of Bitcoin.

It can start with a simple question:

“How much is 5,000 forints in satoshiban?”

In just a few minutes, you’ll understand what a satoshi is, what the Lightning Network is for, and which app you can use to make a real Bitcoin payment.

So, in the longer term, the calculator will result in a slightly lower Bitcoin Information Panel could also form the basis for this.

A tool born out of a real need

This is perhaps the most important part of the Satoshi Calculator’s story for me.

It wasn’t created because there was a need for yet another Bitcoin project.

It’s not just because another calculator sounds like a good idea.

But because a specific problem had arisen.

There’s a street art tour.

There is a participation fee set in forints.

There is a Lightning wallet.

Is there anyone who would like to pay in satoshi?

How many SATs should he send?

This called for a simple answer.

That’s often exactly how good technology comes about.

Not of itself.

But rather from a genuine human need.

Street art, Bitcoin and a shared idea

At first glance, it might seem a bit odd to see street art and Bitcoin mentioned in the same breath.

For me, however, there is something they all have in common.

In both cases, grassroots organisation plays a prominent role.

Independent creation.

Direct contact with people.

The idea that we don’t necessarily the case that we need permission from a central authority for everything in order to create value and share it with one another.

In one instance, this is a visual and cultural value.

In the other, financial value.

For me, therefore, the combination of the Street Art Tour and the Satoshi Calculator is not merely a new payment option.

Rather, it’s a little practical experiment.

To explore how the decentralised technologies I have written about so far can be taken into the real world of practical use.

After all, Bitcoin doesn’t become electronic cash simply because we describe it as such.

But from the moment someone says:

“Can I pay in satos?”

And the other person replies:

“Yes.” 💚₿⚡

Bitcoin isn’t only used in whole units. Just as we break a kilometre down into metres, or a kilogramme into grammes, Bitcoin can also be divided into smaller parts. The smallest unit is the satoshi, or SAT for short.

Most people still regard Bitcoin as an extremely expensive digital asset.

One reason for this is that in the news and on the stock markets, it is almost always the total 1 BTC exchange rate is shown. When someone sees that a bitcoin costs tens of millions of forints, they might easily think that Bitcoin is now out of his reach.

The reality, however, is quite different.

Not new money, but a new perspective

Many people first come across satoshi as if it were a new cryptocurrency.

But that’s not the case at all.

Just as nobody thinks that a centimetre is a different unit of length from a metre, in the same way a satoshi is nothing other than the Bitcoin smallest unit.

The system is the same.

It’s the same network.

The ownership is the same.

It is only the unit of measurement that changes.

And sometimes a new unit of measurement brings with it a completely new way of thinking.

A satoshi is the same as a Bitcoin, just a different unit of measurement

Many people believe that Bitcoin and satoshi are two different things.

In fact, these are two different units of measurement within the same system.

For example:

• 1 metre = 100 centimetres
• 1 kilogram = 1,000 grams
• 1 Bitcoin = 100 000 000 satoshi

Therefore, when someone has 50,000 SAT, they still own bitcoin, just expressed in smaller units.

The Psychology of Satoshi

This is an interesting human phenomenon.

Let’s imagine the following two sentences.

0,001 BTC

or

100 000 SAT

Mathematically, the two are exactly the same.

Yet it evokes a completely different feeling.

Most people instinctively find it easier to relate to whole numbers.

That is why it becomes natural to think in terms of satoshiba.

It’s not because it’s worth more.

But because it is easier to understand.

Our relationship with money is also changing

In the traditional financial system, we are used to money being expressed in ‘large units’.

Forint.

Euro.

Dollar.

Bitcoin, on the other hand, is inherently infinitely flexible.

It allows us to move even very small values with the same ease.

This is particularly important in the internet age.

A newspaper article.

A video.

A photograph.

A blog post.

A song.

A work of art.

These are all forms of digital value for which even a few hundred or a few thousand satoshis might be enough.

The Lightning Network makes exactly this possible.

The Lightning Network also uses satoshis for calculations

A significant proportion of payments made on the Bitcoin Lightning Network are made in satoshis.

If anyone:

• buys coffee,
• sends a tip,
• pays for an online service,
• or transfers a few hundred forints’ worth of Bitcoin,

in which case they often see the amount not in bitcoins, but in satoshis.

This makes handling smaller amounts easier and more natural.

It’s also easier to keep track of your savings

Many people do not set themselves the goal of one day owning a whole bitcoin.

Instead, they are gradually accumulating satoshis.

For example:

• 10 000 SAT
• 100 000 SAT
• 500 000 SAT
• 1 000 000 SAT

This approach is more motivating for many people because it involves smaller, more achievable goals.

Instead of the ‘Wholecoiner’ dream

There is a well-known expression in the Bitcoin community.

Wholecoiner.

This means that someone must have at least 1 BTC owner.

Many people regard this as a sort of milestone.

At the same time, it is important to understand that this is neither the purpose nor a prerequisite for using Bitcoin.

The value of Bitcoin does not depend on whether someone owns a whole unit.

Someone might have a few thousand satoshis and still be part of the same decentralised financial network.

Thinking in terms of satoshiba is, for this very reason, liberating.

It does not draw attention to the shortfall.

But rather on what we already have at our disposal.

It’s not that Bitcoin is expensive; it’s just that we’re looking at it in the wrong unit of measurement

When someone says:

“Bitcoin is too expensive.”

in which case they are often actually thinking that the price of a single bitcoin is high.

Yet nobody is forcing us to buy a whole bitcoin.

Bitcoin can be divided in exactly the same way as any other form of money.

Just as nobody buys a whole kilogram of flour or a whole litre of fuel, you can buy exactly the amount of Bitcoin you need.

In future, we are likely to come across prices quoted in satoshi more and more often

As the use of Bitcoin becomes increasingly widespread, it is expected that more and more apps, wallets and merchants will display prices in satoshis.

This can be particularly useful for smaller, day-to-day payments.

A satoshi represents the same value as a very small fraction of a bitcoin – just in a more manageable form.

We are all Satoshi

The satoshi isn’t important simply because it’s a smaller unit.

But because it helps to dispel the notion that Bitcoin is only for the very wealthy.

When someone first says:

“I have 250,000 satoshis.”

then you no longer feel that ‘I don’t have a single bitcoin’, but rather that you are already part of this system.

The slogan ‘We are all Satoshi’ expresses the idea that the creator of Bitcoin, Satoshi Nakamoto not a single individual, but the community and the decentralised concept. This idea shows that anyone can contribute to the system.

Summary

Thinking in terms of satoshis does not change the value of Bitcoin, but it can change the way we view Bitcoin.

Rather than focusing on a single unit that seems extremely expensive, it is better to look at Bitcoin’s smallest unit. This brings the technology closer to everyday use and helps us realise that Bitcoin is not only available in whole units.

Whether we hold a few hundred or several million satoshis, we are all part of the same open and decentralised financial system. This perspective makes Bitcoin more understandable and accessible to many people.

The Lightning Network has shown that Bitcoin can be used not only as a store of value but also as a means of payment for everyday transactions. To do this, however, we need something we always carry with us: a mobile phone and a suitable wallet app. Today, we can choose from a wide range of solutions, from the simplest Lightning wallets through to apps that run their own nodes, right up to digital cash that works with NFC and even without an internet connection.

One of the interesting twists in the history of Bitcoin is that, whilst in the early years carrying out a transaction still required technical knowledge, today we can send satoshis to the other side of the world with just a few taps.

The about Lightning Network have already looked at the technical background to this in a previous article. Now we’ll take a look at the tools themselves.

Which mobile apps can we use today to send, receive or spend satoshis?

And just as important:

Which portfolio is for whom?

Not all Lightning wallets are the same

Before we look at the applications, it is worth understanding a fundamental difference.

From a user experience perspective, all of them may be capable of processing fast Bitcoin payments; however, technically, very different solutions may be at work behind the scenes.

The following exist:

custodial wallets, where a service provider manages our Bitcoin;

self-custodial wallets, where we are in control of our own keys;

wallets associated with your own Lightning node, where we gain even greater control over our Lightning infrastructure;

as well as an increasing number of Cashu eCash app, which links the Lightning Network to digital cash.

This is not merely a technical detail.

The various solutions involve different trade-offs between convenience, self-determination, data protection and technical complexity between.

So there isn’t just one ‘best Lightning wallet’.

The right tool depends on what you want to use it for.

1. Blink Wallet – Bitcoin Beach in our pockets

The Blink Wallet occupies a special place within the Lightning ecosystem.

Formerly known as Bitcoin Beach Wallet, it emerged in 2020 from the everyday needs of the community in El Zonte, El Salvador. It wasn’t conceived as a theoretical experiment: real people needed a simple tool, which enabled them to use Bitcoin in shops, at markets and amongst themselves.

In June 2026, Blink took another significant step forward: it introduced non-custodial accounts. Alongside the traditional custodial Lightning mode, it now also offers an option where users retain control of their own keys. The non-custodial mode is underpinned by the Bitcoin-based Spark protocol, whilst the app remains capable of handling Lightning payments. In some regions, Blink is currently phasing out custodial accounts.

Type: deposited or self-managed, depending on the region

Platform: Android, iOS

Lightning: yes

Lightning Address: yes

Recommended for: for beginners and for everyday payments

We’ve already produced a separate, detailed guide to Blink, which takes you through everything from installation to your first Lightning purchase.

Blink Wallet – A Lightning wallet born from the Bitcoin Beach community

2. Satoshi’s Wallet – when simplicity comes first

The Wallet of Satoshi perhaps one of the best-known Lightning wallets for mobiles.

One reason for its popularity is extremely simple:

ready to use almost straight away.

We’ll install it, get it up and running, and in a few moments you’ll be able to send or receive Lightning payments.

One important change is that the Wallet of Satoshi now two types of model offers. The self-custody mode is available globally, whilst the custodial mode managed by the service provider is only available in certain regions. In the self-custody version, the user manages their own private keys.

The app also provides a Lightning address, which is an easy-to-remember payment identifier similar to an email address.

Type: self-directed or – where available – custodial

Platform: Android, iOS

Lightning: yes

Lightning Address: yes

Recommended for: for beginners who want a simple Lightning experience

The strength of the Wallet of Satoshi does not lie in the fact that it puts a hundred technical controls in the user’s hands.

But rather in the fact that he tries to hide these things from her.

3. ZEUS – Lightning for those who want more control

If the Wallet of Satoshi represents one extreme of simplicity, then the ZEUS Wallet takes us much closer to the technical intricacies of Lightning.

ZEUS was launched in 2019, originally to allow users to manage their own Lightning node from their mobile phones. Since then, it has evolved into a fully-fledged, self-custodial Bitcoin and Lightning wallet.

Today’s ZEUS offers a range of usage levels.

We can start off simply, then move on to a directly to the LND Lightning node running on the phone, alternatively, we can connect the app to our own LND or Core Lightning node running elsewhere. The current version also offers an NFC Tap-to-Pay option.

Type: self-commissioned

Platform: Android, iOS

Lightning: yes

My own node: yes

NFC: yes

Recommended for: for intermediate and advanced Bitcoin users

This is closer to one of Bitcoin’s most important principles:

Don’t just own your money – make sure you’re in control of your infrastructure too.

4. Strike – Bitcoin and traditional money in one app

The Strike is a slightly different category.

It was not designed merely as a Lightning wallet, but as a Bitcoin-based payment and financial app.

Through Strike, you can send and receive Bitcoin on the Lightning Network, use a Lightning address, and, in supported regions, initiate payments using traditional currency that utilise the Lightning Network in the background. The availability and features of the service may vary by country.

Type: service-based/custodial application

Platform: Android, iOS

Lightning: yes

Fiat integration: yes

Lightning Address: yes

Recommended for: for those looking for a bridge between traditional money and Bitcoin

Strike is interesting because it shows that the Lightning doesn’t necessarily have to be visible.

As far as the user is concerned, all that happens is that sends a value.

Meanwhile, Lightning is doing the work in the background.

5. Alby Go – the wallet that can be linked to your own Lightning connection

The Alby Go follows a different philosophy.

The app is a lightweight mobile Lightning interface that connects to Alby Hub or other, Nostr Wallet Connect (NWC) is linked to a compatible wallet service.

This means that the phone app itself is not necessarily the entire Lightning infrastructure.

Rather an mobile remote control for our own Bitcoin payment system.

Type: NWC client

Platform: Android, iOS

Lightning: yes

Alby Hub integration: yes

Recommended for: for those who want to use their own or NWC-compatible Lightning wallpapers on their mobile

This model is interesting because it separates the financial infrastructure from its user interface.

The phone may be lost or replaced.

Our Lightning system, which runs in the background, can still remain in place.

And this is where the next generation begins: Cashu eCash

With the following applications, we are crossing an important technological threshold.

The Minibits, Cashu.me and Macadamia are not Lightning wallets in the traditional sense.

Cashu eCash wallets.

Cashu is a Chaumian eCash system based on Bitcoin and Lightning. Users hold digital carrier tokens, whilst the mint that issues them holds the underlying satoshis.

That is why there is an important compromise here:

We have to trust the mint to convert the eCash back into Bitcoin at a later date.

In return, we gain features that are particularly interesting from the perspective of everyday digital cash: there is no need for a traditional user account, the tokens can be stored locally, and the eCash layer even allows for value transfers outside the network.

6. Minibits – digital cash in your pocket

The Minibits one of the most interesting Cashu-based mobile apps.

The wallet makes it easy to transfer funds between the Lightning Network and Cashu eCash.

It supports the NFC Tap-to-Pay and also enables contactless value transfer between two Minibits devices. Due to the nature of Cashu tokens, transfer methods are also possible where the payer does not need to be online at that particular moment.

Type: Cashu eCash

Lightning passage: yes

NFC: yes

Nostr/NWC: yes

Offline options: yes

Recommended for: for users who like to experiment and are interested in data protection

Here, we’re really starting to get close to the experience of as if we would exchange digital banknotes with one another.

7. Cashu.me – digital cash, even from your browser

The Cashu.me also Cashu-based eCash wallet.

The current version can be used both as a mobile app and via a web browser. There is no traditional user account or login process; the eCash is stored on the user’s device. It can also be converted back to a Lightning address.

The NFC feature is particularly interesting: Cashu eCash tokens can be transferred directly to another device with a single tap.

Type: Cashu eCash

Mobil/web: yes

Lightning passage: yes

NFC Tap-to-Pay: yes

An account is required: no

Recommended for: for those who would like to experience how digital cash works

8. Numo – when your phone becomes a Bitcoin terminal

The Numo stands out a bit from the rest, because primarily payment app for retailers.

The idea is extremely simple:

Tap your phone there – and pay.

An NFC-enabled Android phone can, in itself, become a Bitcoin payment terminal. Numo supports Lightning and Cashu eCash, and eCash payments can work even with a poor or non-existent internet connection, and can be synchronised later. The system can also be integrated with BTCPay Server.

Type: Bitcoin/Cashu POS for retailers

Platform: Android

Lightning: yes

Cashu: yes

NFC: yes

Offline eCash payment: yes

Recommended for: for retailers, producers, events and businesses that accept Bitcoin

This is a particularly interesting area.

Because what’s happening here is no longer Bitcoin trying to fit into the world of card payment terminals.

The mobile phone itself becomes a payment terminal.

9. Macadamia – Cashu natively on iPhone

The Macadamia open-source Cashu eCash wallet, designed specifically for iOS.

The developers’ aim is to make digital payments as natural as handing someone cash.

The system uses blind signatures, and the Cashu token acts as a digital carrier. The wallet is also capable of handling Lightning payments via the Cashu infrastructure.

Macadamia is currently still in beta, so even its own developers recommend testing it with small amounts.

Type: Cashu eCash

Platform: iOS

Lightning passage: yes

Open source: yes

Status: beta

Recommended for: for iPhone users and those experimenting with private digital cash

An important rule: your mobile payment wallet is not your safe

Whichever app you choose, it’s worth following the same basic principle that I emphasised when introducing Blink Wallet:

Think of your everyday Lightning wallet as the wallet in your pocket – not as a safe for your savings.

If we plan to spend 20,000 satoshis over the next few days or weeks, there is no particular reason to hold several million satoshis in the same mobile payment app.

We assume provider risk in the custodial portfolio.

With a self-contained mobile wallet, the phone itself is a device connected to the internet.

In the case of Cashu, there is an additional sample risk: Cashu’s documentation explicitly warns that the sample holds the underlying satoshis, so you should only use a sample you trust, and even then, it is advisable to work with small amounts.

Long-term Bitcoin savings continue to be based on a different security model.

The Lightning wallet is your wallet.

A hardware wallet can act as your safe.

A separate overview has already been produced on reliable self-custody Bitcoin wallets, which covers both software and hardware Bitcoin wallets.

Be your own bank: Reliable self-storage Bitcoin wallets

Which one should I choose?

If you want to try out Lightning payments as simply as possible, the Blink vagy Wallet of Satoshi could be a good starting point.

If we want greater autonomy and our own Lightning infrastructure, the ZEUS offers a whole new level of control.

If the interoperability between traditional money and Bitcoin is important, the Strike an interesting choice.

If you want to use your own Lightning wallpaper via a user-friendly mobile interface, the Alby Go philosophy may be appealing.

And if you’re interested in NFC, data protection, eCash or even partially offline value transfer, then Minibits, Cashu.me, Numo and Macadamia show the direction in which digital cash could develop further.

So these are not simply apps from different brands.

Various ideas on how we can use Bitcoin in everyday life.

The true significance of Lightning wallets

Technology only becomes truly important when it ceases to appear as technology.

Nor do we perceive the internet as TCP/IP packets.

We simply send a message.

Something similar happens with the Lightning Network as well.

Behind the scenes, nodes, payment channels, liquidity, routing, cryptography and various protocols may be at work.

However, this is all the user can see:

Send.

Receive.

Tap.

Paid.

And perhaps this is precisely where the original vision for Bitcoin begins to come to fruition.

Not when everyone understands how the Lightning Network works from a technical point of view.

But rather when you no longer need to understand it in order to use it.

An app in our pocket – backed by a global payment network

In just a few years, we’ve reached a point where we can send satoshis to a friend using an ordinary smartphone, receive payments via a Lightning address, make purchases by scanning a QR code, tap two devices together using NFC, or even transfer digital value using certain eCash solutions, even with a poor internet connection.

The direction of progress is less and less about “How do we use Bitcoin?”

It’s much more about:

How can using Bitcoin become so second nature that we no longer even notice the technology behind it?

If this succeeds, the Lightning Network’s most significant achievement may not be that it has made Bitcoin payments faster.

But the fact is that the took the concept of peer-to-peer electronic cash out of the technical communities and into people’s pockets.

What started as an initiative within the Bitcoin Beach community has now grown into one of the world’s best-known Lightning wallets. Blink Wallet is a great tool for learning, trying out Lightning payments, and everyday use. When someone buys a coffee or a pastry with satoshis for the first time, Bitcoin suddenly becomes tangible. The decentralized financial system doesn’t begin in the future—it begins the moment two people successfully complete their first direct peer-to-peer payment.

The about Lightning Network previous article, I explained how Bitcoin can become real, everyday electronic cash. The next logical step is to see which wallet can be used to try this out in practice.

One of the most interesting options is Blink Wallet, which did not start as a project of a major financial institution but grew out of a grassroots community initiative.

The Blink (formerly known as Bitcoin Beach Wallet) was launched in 2020 in El Zonté, El Salvador—a place that would later become one of the world’s best-known Bitcoin communities. From the very beginning, the wallet’s goal was to make Lightning-based Bitcoin payments easy for everyday people.

Since then, Blink has become a popular Lightning wallet in many countries around the world, and for many Bitcoin users, it has become the first app that allowed them to actually try out lightning-fast peer-to-peer payments.

What makes Blink special?

One of Blink's greatest strengths is that it offers solutions for both beginners and advanced users.

After registering, you can choose from two types of wallets:

1. Custodial Wallet

For Beginners

• Blink manages the keys.
• Easy to use.
• A quick start.
• It's ideal for smaller amounts.

2. Self-custodial wallet

For Advanced Learners

• The user holds the private keys.
• A 12-word recovery phrase (seed phrase).
• Greater independence and responsibility.
• Recommended for long-term use.
• This dual approach reflects Bitcoin's philosophy well: users can decide for themselves how much control they want over their own money.

Step by Step – Creating a New Blink Account

1. Installing the app

Download the Blink Wallet app from the Android or iOS app store.

2. Creating a New Account

After launching the app for the first time, select “Create Account.”

3. Selecting a wallet type

The system offers two types of folders:

1. Custodial Account

Blink manages the keys.

2. Self-managed wallet

You have the keys.

4. The 12-word recovery phrase

If you select the self-custody wallet, the app will display a warning message at the top of the settings page advising you to back up your 12-word recovery phrase.

Important!

• Write it down on a piece of paper.
• Don't take a screenshot of it.
• Don't store it in the cloud.
• Keep it in a safe place.

These 12 words serve as the wallet's final backup.

If you lose your phone, you can use this to restore your wallet.

5. Receiving Your First Satoshis

On the main screen, select "Receive."

The app generates a Lightning invoice, which you can share as a QR code or as text.

The First Lightning Payment

The first transaction is surprisingly simple.

• Open the Blink Wallet.
• Select "Send."
• Scan the QR code.
• Check the amount for Satoshi.
• Confirm the payment.

The transaction usually arrives within 1–2 seconds.

Creating a Lightning Address – Easier Ways to Send and Receive Satoshis

One of the convenient features of Blink Wallet is that it allows you to create your own Lightning address.

It works much like an email address.

Instead of having to share a new QR code or a long Lightning invoice every time, all you need is a simple address, such as: 

myname@blink.sv

Other Lightning users can send satoshis directly to this address.

How can it be created?

• Open the Blink Wallet.
• Go to the Profile or Settings menu.
• Select "Create Lightning Address."
• Enter the desired username.
• Confirm your selection.

Important to Know

The chosen title is final

A Lightning address created in Blink Wallet cannot be changed later.

That's exactly why it's a good idea to choose a name that you'll be happy to use for a long time.

For example:

• proper noun,
• artist name,
• brand name,
• or the name of the business.

What does this mean in terms of Bitcoin's original spirit?

The introduction of Lightning addresses is an important step toward making Bitcoin payments just as easy for everyday people as sending a text message or an email.

Users no longer need to worry about technical details.

All you need to know is the other party's Lightning address.

Perhaps this best illustrates how the Bitcoin ecosystem is evolving: the Lightning Network and Bitcoin continue to operate in the background, but the user experience is becoming simpler and more intuitive.

Blink Wallet in Practice – A Step-by-Step Guide to Your First Purchase

Let's say we're at a café that accepts Bitcoin payments via the Lightning Network.

The total amount due at the counter is 1,500 satoshi.

1. The merchant displays the QR code

At the register, a Lightning QR code appears on the display or terminal.

2. Open the Blink Wallet

On the main screen, select "Send."

3. Scan the QR code

Point your phone's camera at the code.

Blink automatically recognizes the Lightning invoice.

4. Check the data

Amount: 1,500 sat

Network: Lightning

Fee: A few satoshis

5. We confirm the payment

Tap the “Pay” button.

6. Payment has been made

The transaction usually arrives within 1–2 seconds.

The merchant can see the incoming payment immediately.

What is it like in practice?

After their first Lightning purchase, many users experience the same surprise:

"Is it really that fast?"

The process is more like using a modern messaging app than making a traditional bank transfer.

There is no waiting.

There is no interbank settlement.

There are no weekend restrictions.

Two parties settle payments directly with each other via the Lightning Network.

NFC and Tap-to-Pay

Blink Wallet also supports NFC-based Tap-to-Pay at compatible merchants.

On an Android device, the process can be extremely simple:

• Open the Blink Wallet.
• Touch the phone to the terminal.
• The payment will start automatically.
• The transaction will appear in a few seconds.

This experience is very similar to modern contactless credit card payments, with the difference that an open, decentralized Lightning network operates in the background.

Are there any purchase or transfer limits?

Yes, especially in the case of custodial wallets.

For security and risk management reasons, Blink may impose daily limits on sending and receiving funds. These limits may change from time to time, so it’s a good idea to check the app’s current terms and conditions.

With a self-custodial wallet, the user has greater control, but even in this case, it is not the most ideal place to store high-value, long-term savings.

Important Safety Advice

Lightning wallets are designed for everyday use

It's worth thinking of them as a digital wallet:

• Keep only as many satoshis on it as you need for your daily or weekly expenses,
• It is better to keep larger Bitcoin holdings in a hardware wallet or another solution suitable for long-term storage,
• In particular, it is not recommended to store large amounts of money in escrow accounts for extended periods of time.

A Lightning wallet is like the wallet in your pocket. It’s for everyday spending. Long-term savings are better kept in a “digital vault”—that is, a secure hardware or software self-managed storage solution.

Why do Bitcoin communities love Blink?

One reason for Blink's success is that it provided a solution to a real community problem.

In El Zonté, the locals didn't need a theoretical blockchain solution, but rather an application that would allow them to:

• you can buy bread,
• You can pay for coffee,
• wages can be sent,
• and payments can be settled immediately among themselves.

Blink was born out of this everyday need.

Summary

Blink Wallet is a good example of how Bitcoin technology is becoming an everyday tool.

In just a few minutes, you can set up a Lightning wallet, receive a few satoshis, and then send them to someone else—or even use them to pay for a cup of coffee.

And perhaps that's the most important thing.

The original vision of Bitcoin truly comes to life in the Lightning-based payment solution, which allows people to exchange value directly with one another.

Blink Wallet and the Lightning Network make this vision a reality in everyday life.

When the first Lightning payment arrives in just a few seconds, Bitcoin will suddenly go from being a theory to a real user experience. 💚₿⚡

Bitcoin is often referred to as the currency of the future, yet many people wonder: if it’s truly a usable form of payment, why don’t we use it to pay for our morning coffee or daily groceries? The answer lies in Bitcoin’s second layer, the Lightning Network. This technology enables Bitcoin to serve not only as a long-term store of value but also as a fast, cheap, and direct means of payment in everyday life. In this article, we’ll explain how the Lightning Network works, which wallets and apps make it easy to use, and how thousands of people around the world are already using it to make payments every day. Because the original spirit of Bitcoin isn’t just about preserving value—it’s also about enabling two people to exchange value directly with each other, without intermediaries.

This article already guides the reader through the from theory to practice. The previous articles have helped readers understand what Bitcoin is and why it is important. This chapter, in turn, shows that how all of this becomes part of everyday life.

Direct Exchange of Value – The Original Spirit

Even today, many people still think of Bitcoin as "digital gold"—an asset worth holding onto for the long term, but one that is less suitable for everyday payments.

That is partly true.

Bitcoin's first layer is primarily built on security, decentralization, and immutable settlement. This is what has enabled the network to operate without interruption for more than a decade and a half.

But how could you pay for a cup of coffee, a meal, or even a bus ticket with Bitcoin in just a few seconds?

This question gave rise to the Lightning Network, which does not replace Bitcoin, but rather expands its possibilities.

If Bitcoin is the internet's currency, then the Lightning Network is its lightning-fast payment layer.

Why was the Lightning Network necessary?

The Bitcoin Network is the result of careful planning.

Satoshi Nakamoto did not set out to create a credit card system.

Rather, it is a decentralized financial network in which transactions are recorded permanently and irreversibly.

However, this comes at a price.

A new block is created on average every ten minutes.

Transaction fees may also increase during periods of high network traffic.

When dealing with larger sums of money, this is a perfectly acceptable compromise.

When buying a cup of coffee, however, that's less of a factor.

So the question wasn't how to make Bitcoin faster.

But rather:

How can Bitcoin's decentralization be preserved while still allowing for instant everyday payments?

The Lightning Network provides the answer to this.

What is the Lightning Network?

The Lightning Network is Bitcoin's second layer (Layer 2).

It is not a separate cryptocurrency.

It's not a new blockchain.

Rather, it is a payment network that operates on top of Bitcoin.

Instead of every small payment being recorded on the blockchain immediately, the Lightning Network opens payment channels between two parties.

Through these channels:

• Transactions are nearly instantaneous,
• they are extremely low-cost,
• and can be repeated as often as once per second.

The blockchain will remain the final settlement layer.

Lightning, meanwhile, makes it possible to process everyday payments.

To put it simply:

Bitcoin is for final settlement, while the Lightning Network is for everyday transactions.

How does it work in practice?

The user opens their Lightning wallet.

Scan the QR code.

Or simply tap your phone against the terminal using NFC.

A few seconds.

The payment has been made.

There is no multi-day interbank settlement.

There are no weekend shutdowns.

There is no waiting period between countries.

The Lightning Network operates 24 hours a day.

Every day of the year.

Bitcoin is finally becoming real electronic cash

The title of Satoshi Nakamoto's white paper says a lot:

Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system.

Every time two people are able to exchange value directly with one another, technology takes a step closer to the vision that Satoshi Nakamoto outlined in the original white paper: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system.

The original goal was not to create a form of digital gold.

Rather, it is an electronic cash system in which two people can exchange value directly with each other.

The Lightning Network makes this vision a practical reality.

Lightning Wallets – Tools for Everyday Use

In recent years, a number of apps have been released that make the Lightning Network usable in just a few minutes.

Among the best known are:

• Wallet of Satoshi
• Zeus
• Strike
• Alby Go

And the next generation of applications goes even further than that.

Examples include:

• Minibits
• Cashu.me
• Numopay
• Macadamia

Several of these already support NFC-based Tap-to-Pay transactions, and some solutions even enable offline peer-to-peer transactions without an internet connection.

The satoshi—the smallest unit of Bitcoin

We rarely use whole Bitcoins for everyday payments.

Just as we break down a euro or a forint into smaller units, Bitcoin can also be divided.

The smallest unit of Bitcoin is called a satoshi, for short satnak call it that, in honor of Bitcoin's creator, Satoshi Nakamoto.

1 Bitcoin = 100 000 000 satoshi (SAT).

This means that it can still be used conveniently for payments even when the value of a single Bitcoin is already very high.

In everyday use of the Lightning Network, we actually send each other sats rather than bitcoins most of the time.

The price of a cup of coffee, a pastry, or a bus ticket is often a few hundred or a few thousand satoshis.

Thus, with the help of the Lightning Network, Bitcoin can be used not only as a high-value store of value but also, of course, for even the smallest everyday purchases.

Fun Fact

One Bitcoin can be divided into 100 million satoshis. This divisibility makes it possible to use it for simple payments even when the value of a single Bitcoin is very high.

Think in satoshis

Most people today say:

“I can’t afford a Bitcoin.”

But in reality, it's as if someone were to say:

“I don’t have enough money for a kilogram of gold, so I can’t buy even a single gram of it.”

One of Bitcoin's least-known features is precisely that don't have to buy or use a whole Bitcoin. Most Lightning payments are actually made in satoshis, and over time, the majority of users have started thinking in satoshis rather than in Bitcoin.

Lightning is already up and running today

Many people still believe that the Lightning Network is merely an interesting technological experiment.

The reality is quite different.

Today, there are tens of thousands of merchants worldwide where you can pay with Bitcoin—typically via the Lightning Network.

Coffee shops.

Restaurants.

Small stores.

Accommodations.

Online Stores.

Farmers' markets.

Conferences.

Festivals.

Community events.

Open community databases—such as the BTC Map – they are constantly compiling a list of these participating merchants, whose number is growing year by year.

There are also communities where Lightning has become part of everyday life.

El Salvador’s Bitcoin Beach initiative and Costa Rica’s Bitcoin Jungle project clearly demonstrate that, in a local economy, peer-to-peer Bitcoin payments are not merely a theoretical concept but are part of everyday life.

More Than Just Technology

The Lightning Network is, of course, a technological innovation.

But it's about more than just that.

Every time two people are able to exchange value directly with one another, technology takes a step closer to the vision that Satoshi Nakamoto outlined in the original white paper.

A financial system in which parties can settle accounts directly with one another.

It's not that intermediaries are always unnecessary.

But because there is finally a real alternative.

The Lightning Network doesn't force anyone to give up the traditional financial system. It simply creates an alternative. And throughout history, every true innovation has begun when people finally had a choice.

Freedom of Choice

Throughout history, every major technological advancement has opened up new possibilities for people.

The Internet has made it possible for us to communicate directly with one another.

Open-source software has shown that global communities are capable of developing software together.

And Bitcoin has proven that a decentralized financial network can work.

The Lightning Network takes this idea a step further.

It allows two people or two businesses to exchange value directly, quickly, and at minimal cost.

You don't have to choose this path.

But now, for the first time, we have a real choice.

And all true innovation begins when people are free to choose among the alternatives available to them.

Summary

The Lightning Network doesn't just make Bitcoin faster.

It enables Bitcoin to fulfill the role that Satoshi Nakamoto originally intended for it:

the role of a truly usable, peer-to-peer electronic cash system.

Perhaps that's why it's worth learning about and trying out these new technologies.

It's not because every traditional payment method needs to be replaced.

But rather because the more people who understand and use direct peer-to-peer value exchange, the more choices we will have in the financial system of the future.

Ultimately, the Lightning Network was not created to compete with banks.

Not against the states.

It's not even against the current financial system.

But rather so that two people—anywhere in the world—can once again exchange value directly with one another.

And perhaps this is precisely the idea that best encapsulates the original spirit of Bitcoin.

“Now open a Lightning wallet, send a few satoshis to someone, and experience what it’s like when technology isn’t just a theory, but a real-life experience.”

Governments around the world are building up Bitcoin reserves, the largest asset managers are offering Bitcoin-based investment products, while millions of companies and individuals are becoming participants in the same decentralized network. What do they see in it that many still don’t? In this article, we explore this question while examining how Bitcoin has evolved from an experiment within a small tech community into one of the most remarkable phenomena in the global financial world.

There are still many different opinions circulating about Bitcoin. Some consider it a speculative investment, others view it as a technological revolution, while many are still watching with skepticism to see if it will truly become a lasting part of the global financial system. One question, however, is becoming increasingly difficult to avoid: if Bitcoin were truly insignificant, why are governments, financial institutions, and companies—which seemingly have no need for it—paying it more and more attention?

Bitcoin is no longer just a matter for the tech community

In Bitcoin's early years, it was primarily developers, cryptographers, and cypherpunks who were involved with it.

For most people, it was just an interesting online experiment.

Today, the situation is completely different.

As for Bitcoin today:

• courses are offered at universities,
• Central banks prepare analyses,
• are being investigated by international financial organizations,
• exchange-traded funds (ETFs) are based on it,
• some countries maintain Bitcoin reserves,
• Multinational financial companies offer Bitcoin-related services.

This alone does not prove that Bitcoin will be the only financial system of the future.

What is certain, however, is that it can no longer be treated as merely a technological curiosity.

Who owns Bitcoin today?

• 👤 Individuals
• 🏢 Public companies
• 🏦 Institutional Investors
• 🌍 Countries

When Even Governments Start Holding Bitcoin

One of the most interesting developments in recent years is that it is no longer just individuals and companies that own Bitcoin.

States, too.

But it is important to make a distinction.

Not every government's Bitcoin holdings have the same story behind them.

Bhutan – When Hydropower Becomes a Digital Reserve

Bhutan is perhaps the most unique example in the world.

The Himalayan kingdom isn't just buying Bitcoin.

Instead, it mines through state-owned companies.

The country is harnessing its abundant hydropower capacity to create digital wealth.

Essentially, it converts renewable energy into Bitcoin reserves.

This represents a completely new way of thinking.

It does not export raw materials.

It doesn't produce gold.

Instead, it generates digital value from energy.

El Salvador – A Strategic Decision

In 2021, El Salvador made history.

It was the first country to recognize Bitcoin as legal tender.

The country has continued to build up its Bitcoin reserves ever since.

The decision was met with both criticism and support.

However we look at it, one thing is certain:

With this, Bitcoin has definitively entered the realm of international economic policy.

The Seized Bitcoins

The United States, China, and the United Kingdom also hold significant amounts of Bitcoin.

It is important to note, however, that the vast majority of these are not the result of deliberate government accumulation.

Rather, Bitcoin seized during criminal proceedings.

This clearly shows that Bitcoin is now an asset that governments must also manage.

The Situation in Europe

Many people think that Europe has fallen behind.

The reality is more nuanced than that.

Currently, very few European countries have an officially announced Bitcoin strategy.

Most of the state-owned Bitcoins here also come from seizures.

At the same time, regulatory developments, the emergence of ETFs, and institutional interest indicate that Europe has not been left out of this process either.

Even the world's largest asset managers were not left out

If someone had said ten years ago that the world’s largest asset manager would offer a Bitcoin investment product, few people would likely have believed it.

Today, this is a reality.

BlackRock

BlackRock is the world's largest asset manager.

It manages assets worth several thousand billion dollars for its clients.

Its Bitcoin ETF has become one of the most successful ETF launches of all time.

This does not mean that BlackRock has become a “Bitcoin believer.”

However, he did see a customer need that he could no longer ignore.

Fidelity, Strategy, and other institutions

In addition to BlackRock:

• Fidelity,
• Strategy,
• Coinbase Institutional,
• numerous pension funds,
• as well as institutional investors

are also playing an increasingly important role in the Bitcoin ecosystem.

Bitcoin is no longer just a tool for the tech community.

The traditional financial world is also adapting to this.

A Unique Feature of Bitcoin

There is, however, one interesting difference.

We know exactly how much Bitcoin a publicly traded company holds.

The Bitcoin holdings of ETFs are also known.

Some countries disclose their own stockpiles.

But there is one character about whom no one has any specific information.

The individual.

The Bitcoin network does not know who is behind an address:

• Hungarian,
• German,
• Japanese,
• American,
• individual,
• company,
• or a state.

He only knows the titles.

This is one of the most remarkable consequences of decentralization.

Is it possible that the residents of a country own more Bitcoin than the government itself?

No one can give a definite answer to this question today.

It's possible.

And this is a historic first.

In the past, the states knew exactly:

• how much money is in the banking system,
• how many government securities are in circulation,
• how much gold is stored in the central bank's vaults?

In the case of Bitcoin, however, no such complete ledger exists.

It is possible that a country may have virtually no official Bitcoin reserves, while its citizens collectively hold a significant amount.

And not even the government itself knows exactly.

When Bitcoin Makes the News

From time to time, news reports surface in Hungary alleging that certain institutions or local governments have used electricity without authorization for Bitcoin mining.

These are, of course, unlawful acts.

However, it is important to distinguish between the technology itself and its unlawful use.

Just as a stolen car is not the car manufacturer's fault, unauthorized Bitcoin mining is not inherent to Bitcoin itself.

Technology in and of itself is value-neutral.

It's up to the person to decide how to use it.

What does all this tell us?

This is perhaps the most important question in this article.

If Bitcoin were truly worthless…

Why would the world's largest asset managers build investment products around it?

Why would universities conduct research?

Why would countries hold it?

Why would companies develop it?

Of course, this does not prove that Bitcoin is the solution to every problem.

But it is true that no one can afford the luxury of simply ignoring it anymore.

What does all this mean for the individual?

This is perhaps the most important question.

The Bitcoin protocol makes no distinction.

It follows the same rules:

• to an individual,
• a company,
• an investment fund,
• or even a country.

This is a rare occurrence in the history of finance.

All participants in the network are equal.

This is perhaps one of the most important messages of decentralization.

Bitcoin doesn't discriminate

It makes absolutely no difference to the Bitcoin network whether:

• is used by a humanitarian organization,
• used by a family fleeing a dictatorship,
• used by a long-term saver,
• used by a speculator,
• is used by a state,
• or by a billion-dollar investment fund.

The protocol treats everyone the same.

I think this is one of the clearest examples of decentralization.

Why would someone buy Bitcoin?

There is no single answer to this.

Some people do it because:

• hopes to get rich quick.

Some people do it because:

• sees it as a long-term store of value.

Some people do it because:

• does not trust his own country's financial system.

Some people do it because:

• He considers it a technological revolution.

Some people do it because:

• engages in institutional diversification.

Some people do it because:

• is seeking protection against political or economic uncertainty.

These are all genuine motivations.

And none of them is “the motivation behind Bitcoin.”

But it belongs to the people.

The same is true for institutions

Many people think:

“If BlackRock is buying Bitcoin, then it must believe in decentralization.”

It is more likely that:

• identifies a customer need,
• sees a new market,
• sees a new source of revenue,
• sees portfolio diversification.

And that's perfectly natural.

The primary responsibility of an asset manager is not to support philosophical revolutions.

Rather, it is the management of its clients' assets.

And the same is true of states

Bhutan, for example, is probably not mining Bitcoin because it follows cypherpunk ideology.

But because:

• it has cheap hydroelectric power,
• can turn this into economic value,
• wants to diversify his income.

This is a business decision.

People's motivations, however, vary greatly

It's possible that

• the user is looking for a vacation,
• The investor is looking to make a profit,
• The government is seeking a strategic reserve,
• BlackRock is looking for new clients,
• The miner is looking for cheap energy.

Yet they all contribute to the same network.

Because Bitcoin doesn't ask:

Why did you join?

Just say:

If you agree to the rules, you're part of the network.

One of the most interesting paradoxes in the history of Bitcoin is that the same network is capable of connecting participants who come to it with very different goals. Some seek freedom in it. Others seek technological innovation. Others see it as an investment opportunity or a means of economic diversification. Their motivations differ, but their participation strengthens the same open, decentralized system.

Summary

Bitcoin remains a topic of debate.

It's possible to love.

It's okay to criticize.

One might doubt it.

That's only natural.

But today, there's one thing that's hard to ignore.

Fifteen years ago, Bitcoin was a project undertaken by a handful of developers and cypherpunks.

Today, the participants in that same network are:

• individuals,
• countries,
• publicly traded companies,
• ETFs,
• pension funds,
• as well as the world's largest asset managers.

No one knows for sure yet where all this is headed.

But perhaps we should ask ourselves the question:

If even those players who seemingly have no need for Bitcoin are paying it more and more attention… what do they see in it that many others still don’t?

Throughout history, the value of money has never been determined by its material composition alone, but rather by the shared trust and social agreement that made the exchange of value possible. Bitcoin fits into this history spanning thousands of years—in a new, digital form. For the first time in history, Bitcoin enables millions of people to operate a shared financial network without central control.

We have now reached one of the most philosophically profound articles in this Bitcoin series.

The previous three articles focused more on:

• how Bitcoin works,
• those who prepared for his birth,
• what was Satoshi's insight?

This article, however, seeks to answer a much bigger question:

What is value itself?

If we ask someone today what gives Bitcoin its value, we often get the same question in return:

“But what’s behind it?”

That's a perfectly natural question.

After all, for centuries we have been accustomed to the idea that there is always something tangible behind money. Gold. The state. The economy. The central bank. Or at least an institution that guarantees its value.

Bitcoin, however, apparently has nothing of the sort.

It does not have a central bank.

It does not have a CEO.

It has no government issuer.

It does not have a central server.

That is precisely why many people believe that there is “nothing” behind Bitcoin.

But is that really the case?

Perhaps we shouldn't even be asking the question this way: "What's behind Bitcoin?", but rather:

“What has humanity considered valuable over the past several thousand years?”

The Long History of Exchange

For most of human history, money did not exist.

People simply traded what they had with one another.

Grain for animals.

Tools for food.

Salt the skin.

However, this barter trade posed a number of problems.

What happens if I have grain, but the other party doesn't need it?

What happens if we can't decide how much a goat is worth compared to a sack of wheat?

Humanity has therefore gradually sought out means of exchange that have become universally accepted.

From Shells to Gold

Throughout history, countless different objects have served as money.

Shells.

Salt.

Glass beads.

Copper.

Bronze.

Silver.

Gold.

None of these became valuable simply because they were “born to be money” in and of themselves.

They became a form of money because people collectively accepted them as a medium of exchange.

Gold proved to be particularly successful.

It was rare.

It was long-lasting.

It is difficult to counterfeit.

It's easy to divide.

And over the centuries, it became one of the most important symbols of that value.

But even in the case of gold, it was not the metal itself that provided its value.

Rather, it is the common agreement among people that they consider it valuable.

The paper that became more valuable than gold

Paper money appeared later.

At first glance, this may seem like a strange turn of events.

After all, the paper itself is hardly worth anything.

Still, we accept it as payment.

Why?

Because we trust the system that issued it.

Thus, a gradual shift can be observed in the history of money.

It is not the material that has become more valuable.

Rather, it is the mutual trust that underlies it.

The value of modern fiat currencies is no longer backed by gold.

Rather, it is the performance of the economy, the functioning of government institutions, and public trust.

Money is largely invisible these days

Many people believe that money today still consists mainly of banknotes.

In fact, the exact opposite is true.

A significant portion of the world's money no longer exists in physical form.

It is stored in computer databases.

On invoices.

In bank records.

In the form of digital balances.

Money, therefore, has long since ceased to be merely a physical object.

From this perspective, Bitcoin is not the first digital currency.

Rather, it is the first digital currency system that does not require a central registry.

What has changed with Bitcoin?

With the advent of Bitcoin, more than just a new form of currency was born.

Rather, it is a new kind of cooperation model.

Throughout history, every major monetary system has had a central figure behind it.

Empire.

Kingdom.

Bank.

Central Bank.

State.

Bitcoin was the first to demonstrate that certain financial processes can function without a single central authority.

People don't change the rules as they please.

But the protocol itself.

Transactions are not monitored by a single institution.

Rather, they are independent nodes operating in various parts of the world.

This is what truly sets Bitcoin apart.

The value of Bitcoin lies in the network itself

Many people ask:

“What gives Bitcoin its value?”

This often elicits responses such as:

• mining,
• energy,
• the rarity,
• or the upper limit of 21 million.

These are indeed important qualities.

But on their own, they do not explain the essence of Bitcoin.

The true value of Bitcoin is the network itself.

The fact that millions of people accept the same rules.

They are running the same open-source code.

They are auditing the same general ledger.

And together, they ensure that no one can unilaterally change how the system works.

The value of Bitcoin isn't located in a building.

Not in a safe.

Not on a company's balance sheet.

Rather, it is in the global cooperation that keeps the network alive day after day.

More than just a payment system

For many people, Bitcoin is simply a digital currency.

Others view it as an investment.

But perhaps even more important is that it represents a new way of thinking.

Decentralization is not merely a technological solution.

Rather, it is the recognition that certain systems can function even when participants do not place their trust in a single central authority, but instead collectively monitor compliance with the rules.

This approach isn't just about money.

It's about trust.

About the collaboration.

On Responsibility.

And about how technology may be able to give these human relationships new forms.

Value can remain where it is created

In many cases, traditional financial systems operate through intermediaries.

Banks.

Clearing houses.

Payment service providers.

They play an important role in the economy, but their operations also entail costs.

One of Bitcoin's most interesting promises is precisely that, in certain situations, it enables a direct exchange of value between two parties.

This does not mean that all intermediaries will become unnecessary.

However, it creates a new opportunity for value to flow more directly from the person who created it to the person who receives it.

Peer-to-Peer.

Perhaps this is one of the most important social messages of decentralization.

From Physical Possessions to Intellectual Values

If we look back at the history of money, we can observe an interesting development.

Humanity first used physical objects.

Later, precious metals.

Then some paper.

And today, digital data.

Bitcoin is taking this process a step further.

It's not valuable just because you can hold it.

But rather because it embodies an open set of rules that anyone, anywhere in the world, can verify and use.

In this sense, Bitcoin is not merely digital money.

Rather, it is a technological infrastructure in which the most important value is not material resources, but rules, trust, and cooperation among people.

A symbol of the bond between people

The value of Bitcoin does not necessarily lie in the network itself, but rather in the relationships between people.

It's not the gold.

It's not the paper.

It's not the server.

It's not the energy.

But the a set of rules maintained by the community.

The responsibility has always been yours

If you take a closer look at today’s bureaucratic, monetary systems and keep your eyes open as you go about the world, you, too, will see the devastating impact on people’s lives and living conditions when they outsource and sacrifice their lives for the sake of convenience to a system that treats people as replaceable resources. 

Debt Spiral -> Slavery Spanning Generations -> Dead end

Ask yourself this question:

„Do I want to continue being part of the problem, or do I want to be the solution?”

Bitcoin is a financial network of sovereign individuals, where responsibility and control remain with the individual.

„Bitcoin is a live network.”

Summary

Throughout human history, money has always changed.

From seashells to gold.

From gold to paper.

From paper to digital databases.

Bitcoin is the latest stage in this evolutionary process that spans thousands of years.

It doesn't mark the beginning of a new era simply because it's digital.

But rather because, for the first time, it enables millions of people to operate a shared financial network without central control.

Perhaps that is why it is no exaggeration to say:

The true value of Bitcoin does not lie in an object, an institution, or a country.

The true value of Bitcoin is the network itself.

This article perfectly illustrates how humanity's perception of value has changed over the past several thousand years—and Bitcoin is the latest chapter in this story.